| Diabetes type-1

| Our Solution
We aim to professionalize diabetes management with our patented technology by developing a stress sensor that offers continuous and quantitative data on personal stress levels, particularly around meal times. This stress sensor will provide objective information to guide patients using smart pens and hybrid closed-loop continuous glucose monitoring (hCL-CGM) devices in optimizing their insulin dosing.
By integrating the stress sensor with the existing glucose sensor, we will enhance diabetes management by addressing the impact of stress on blood glucose levels. This integration will pave the way for transitioning the hCL-CGM device into a fully closed-loop CGM system, ensuring more effective and automated insulin dosing for patients
the huge value of our technology is also recognized by others. Considering the enormous market, our proposition in diabetes forms another massive investment opportunity.

| Diabetes type-1
Diabetes type-1 (T1DM) is the most common autoimmune disease, characterized by the inability of the pancreas to produce and release insulin. It is a lifelong disorder often acquired during childhood. no cure is available. Proper management of T1DM with insulin infusion is essential because long-term high blood glucose (hyperglycemia) leads to blindness, kidney failure, cardiovascular disease, and leg amputation. Short-term low blood glucose (hypoglycemia) may lead to coma or death.
Type-1 diabetes thus requires around-the-clock disease management to keep blood glucose levels in the proper target range of 4-10 mM.
Disease management has been greatly enhanced by the introduction of hCL-CGM systems. In an hCL-CGM system, the sensor's glucose readings provide information to an AI-algorithm, which controls the continuous insulin dosing of patients via the connected insulin pump. With meals, patients still have to inject additional insulin.

| Problem 1: glucose variability
Despite improvement in disease management, hCL-CGM devices still only achieve a time-in-range of 70% in less than 70% of patients. This means that patients still daily spend 8 hours or more outside the target glucose range. Besides food, daily metabolic stressors strongly contribute to blood glucose changes. The resulting high glucose variation (GV) is a key contributor to the increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease in type-1 DM patients and their shorter lifespan of 7-10 years compared to healthy individuals.
An important reason for the disappointing suboptimal time-in-range and high glucose variability is the lack of integration of metabolic stress information into hCL-CGM devices and smart pen systems.

| Problem 2: insulin with meals
hCL-CGM users still need to administer additional insulin before meals. To account for the meal's impact, patients must calculate the extra insulin required based on the carbohydrate content of the meal. While patients are often criticized for miscalculating, it has become clear that the response to nutrition varies greatly among individuals and involves metabolic stress, making it highly personalized.
These complexities challenge commercial companies' efforts to enhance T1DM disease management through the development of hCL-CGM devices that evolve into real closed-loop (CL) systems, which would automate insulin dosing around meals.
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